If someone has been poisoned by ingesting chemicals or medication, treat it as an emergency. The correct steps depend on what was swallowed, but some general first-aid principles apply.
1. Call emergency services immediately
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Dial your local emergency number.
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If available, also call your local Poison Control Center (for example, in the U.S.: 1-800-222-1222).
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Provide details: what substance was taken, how much, when, and the person’s age/weight.
2. Ensure safety
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Do not expose yourself to harmful chemicals while helping.
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Remove any contaminated containers or substances safely.
3. Check responsiveness and breathing
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If the person is unconscious and not breathing normally, start CPR immediately.
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If they are unconscious but breathing, place them in the recovery position to keep the airway open.
4. Do NOT induce vomiting
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Do not make them vomit unless a poison control professional explicitly instructs you.
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Vomiting can cause more harm, especially with corrosive chemicals (like bleach or acids) or petroleum products (like gasoline).
5. Provide first aid measures while waiting for help
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If conscious and alert:
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Rinse the mouth gently with water and spit out.
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Do not give food or drink unless told by a medical professional.
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If the container/label is available:
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Keep it to show emergency responders.
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6. Special situations
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Corrosives (cleaners, bleach, acids): Never induce vomiting. If the person can swallow safely, give small sips of water or milk to dilute (only if advised by professionals).
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Medications or unknown substances: Do not give anything by mouth unless instructed.
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Household chemicals/pesticides: Remove contaminated clothing and wash skin if spilled.
7. Monitor continuously
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Stay with the person until help arrives.
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Be ready to provide information on symptoms (nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, seizures, burns around the mouth).
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Keep checking breathing and pulse.
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