If someone is bitten by a venomous snake, this is a medical emergency that requires calm, quick, and correct first aid. Improper actions (like cutting or sucking the wound) can make things worse.
1. Call emergency services immediately
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Dial your local emergency number.
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Tell them it’s a snakebite and describe the snake (if possible, note its color/size, but do not waste time trying to catch or kill it).
2. Keep the person calm and still
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Movement increases the spread of venom.
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Reassure the victim and keep them lying down.
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Immobilize the bitten limb and keep it at or just below heart level.
3. Remove constricting items
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Take off rings, bracelets, watches, or tight clothing near the bite, as swelling will occur.
4. Apply a pressure immobilization bandage (if trained and appropriate)
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Especially recommended for bites from highly venomous snakes (e.g., Australian elapids).
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Use a broad elastic bandage to wrap the entire limb firmly, starting just above the bite and working upward.
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Immobilize the limb with a splint.
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Do not make the bandage so tight it cuts off circulation.
5. Monitor vital signs
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Check breathing, pulse, and responsiveness.
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Be prepared to give CPR if the person becomes unresponsive and stops breathing.
6. Do NOT
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Do not cut the bite or try to suck out the venom.
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Do not apply a tourniquet — this can cause severe damage.
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Do not apply ice or immerse the wound in water.
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Do not give alcohol, caffeine, or food.
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Do not try to catch the snake.
7. While waiting for help
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Keep the victim as still as possible.
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Mark the edge of swelling with a pen (and note the time) to help doctors track venom spread.
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Cover the bite with a clean, dry dressing if available.
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